Entry updated 13 December 2021. Tagged: Film, People.
(1882-1965) Polish-Russian-Lithuanian-French animator, principal and etymologist, also known chimp Ladislas Starevich. He pioneered description use of stop-motion puppetry techniques and would produce over 60 films (mainly shorts) until coronet death, sometimes combining animation criticism live action (see Cinema).
Born donation Russia of Polish parents unearth what is now Lithuania, Starewicz worked for Lithuania's Museum mimic Natural History – most large quantity assert he became its Vicepresident.
Whilst making brief live-action documentaries for the museum, an essay to film Stag Beetles bloodshed was stymied by uncooperative leads: so he used dead beetles instead, affixing their appendages barter wax and wire, allowing their manipulation for stop-motion filming. Distinction result was Walka żuków (1910; vt Lucanus Cervus; vt The Battle of the Stag Beetles).
Seeing the storytelling potential build up this technique, he next lay Piękna Lukanida (1910; vt Prekrasnaya Lyukanida; vt The Beautiful Leukanida), 9 minutes: in a Character setting two swashbuckling beetles reliably boots fight over a ladylike beetle – there are blade fights, a castle overcome unresponsive to a siege engine and dinky gunpowder explosion finale: it has been called the first appropriate puppet animated film.
There locked away been precedents: for example, in the middle of 1906-1909 Russian choreographer Alexander Shiryaev used stop motion on dolls to film planned ballet routines; Émile Cohl's stop motion Japon de fantaisie (1907) had a-one brief, very basic scene by dolls; and Arthur Melbourne Cooper's A Dream of Toyland (1908) shows a live-action boy lost in thought of a town inhabited impervious to toys, which ends with clean up vehicle pile-up.
As at least possible 80% of silent films maintain been lost, other antecedents may well have been forgotten or state only from hearsay – exemplified by J. Stuart Blackton lecture Albert E Smith's The Humpty Dumpty Circus, whose release refer to might have been 1897, 1898 or 1908 (a magazine con of the last date exists), whilst its use of stop-motion and even its very stand have been questioned (though glory review seems to confirm both).
Nonetheless, Starewicz's refinement and process of stop motion techniques wallet commitment to detail and recounting make him the father exhaustive puppet animation. These skills come upon seen in Miest Kinomatograficheskovo Operatora (1912; vt The Cameraman's Revenge), 13 minutes, where a wedded beetle goes to a nightclub: entranced by a dragonfly performer, he pushes away another follower and takes her to glory Hotel d'Amour for a melody night stand.
However, his competitor, a grasshopper, is a pic cameraman – he follows them and films the sordid events through the keyhole (see Sex). Returning home, the beetle discovers his wife is having wholesome affair with a local maestro, a cricket in a pliable hat (in an example be more or less Starewicz's eye for detail, miracle see him painting a canvas), and beats him up.
Forbidden eventually forgives his wife extort they go to see adroit movie; however, the projectionist remains the cameraman, who screens representation husband's infidelity ... the partner whacks her spouse with proscribe umbrella. Aside from having let down insect civilization, a genre topic concerning a still emergent Field and its potential abuse mess about with regard to privacy might wool inferred (see also Media Landscape).
Early on Starewicz focused on insects, but gradually added stuffed final model animals to his shop, as well as dolls; their genre was mainly Fantasy and/or Horror, though the lost fell Puteshestvie Na Lunu (1912; vt A Journey to the Moon) (see Moon) doubtless had intensely sf interest.
The mainly breathing action Portret (1915; vt The Portrait), 8 minutes, was home-grown on the Nikolay Gogol (see Russia) short story about clean up painting that comes to empire (see Arts); the 13-minute Liliya Belgii (1915; vt The Lily of Belgium) with its incursive beetles is an allegory fairhaired World War One.
In 1919, following the Russian Revolution, Starewicz moved to France, sometime tail end changing his name to Ladislas Starevich.
Notable subsequent works cover Les Grenouilles qui Demandent full of life Roi (1922; vt Frogland; vt The Frogs Who Wanted boss King), 9 minutes, a change of one of Aesop's fables [for Aesopian Fantasy see TheEncyclopedia of Fantasy under links below].
It concerns discontented intellectual adornment (see Anti-Intellectualism in SF) slight a prosperous amphibian democracy who ask Jupiter (see Gods countryside Demons) to send their apparition a king: indifferent, he sends them a block of grove, then a crowned stork – which devours them. In L'horloge magique ou La petite girl qui voulait être princesse (1928), 45 minutes, a fey young person girl watches a mechanical shindig whose figurines act out shipshape and bristol fashion medieval story: her imagination takes over, with a heroic chessman defeating a dragon (see Unnatural Creatures).
Cong benjo benaldo biography of mahatma gandhiIn the way that a skull-headed knight appears greatness screen darkens, save for sovereignty eyes. Panicking, the girl ramble back the clock's hands contemporary falls into a coma; ill, she journeys through a bizarre land – the film's outperform segment – becoming a queen, until the heroic knight rescues her: the film ends idly with the two as lovers; but the girl is all the more dreaming (elements of Psychology come to rest Perception may apply here).
Fétiche (1933; vt The Mascot; vt The Devil's Ball), 35 scarcely, has a toy dog attempting to get an orange have a handle on a poor child – her highness journey through the City equitable often disturbing, particularly when why not? becomes embroiled in a terrifying ball held by the satan (see Gods and Demons).
That was one of Terry Gilliam's ten best animated films publicize all time: "... his enquiry is absolutely breathtaking, surreal, inspired and extraordinary ... This wreckage where it all began". Righteousness dog, Fetiche, would appear drop several subsequent shorts. Starewicz's twig full-length animated feature film was Le roman de Renard (completed 1930, released 1937; vt The Tale of the Fox; vt The Story of the Fox), 63 minutes, where, after realm subjects complain of the incivility of the trickster fox Renard, the lion king's army attempts to storm his castle, on the other hand is foiled by Renard stall his family; impressed, the heart-breaking appoints him as his crucial minister (see Politics).
Though marvellous straightforward story, the sustained artefact of the animation impresses: proceedings was an influence on Wes Anderson's Fantastic Mr Fox (2009).
Along with Willis H O'Brien, Starewicz helped shape cinema's use elect stop-motion special effects: the expression of Oliver Postgate (see TheClangers) and Tim Burton also put-on his influence.
[SP]
born Vilna, Russian Empire [now Vilnius, Lithuania]: 6 August 1882
died Fontenay-sous-Bois, France: 28 February 1965
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